Basalt yog ib hom pob zeb tawg yooj yim. Hauv qab no yog cov lus piav qhia ntxaws ntawm basalt:
1, Txhais thiab Tsim
Basalt yog ib hom pob zeb uas muaj qhov ntom ntom lossis ua npuas dej, uas yog tsim los ntawm magma tawm ntawm lub roob hluav taws tom qab txias rau saum npoo. Nws belongs rau magmatic pob zeb.
Nws cov txheej txheem tsim muaj kev ua kom txias sai thiab khov kho ntawm magma, uas feem ntau tshwm sim hauv thaj chaw ntawm volcanic kev ua si.
2, Cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub cev
Basalt feem ntau muaj ntxeem tau, almond zoo li tus, thiab porphyritic qauv, qee zaum nrog cov pob zeb loj loj.
Unweathered basalt feem ntau yog xim dub thiab grey, tab sis kuj tseem muaj xim av dub, ntshav liab, thiab grey ntsuab.
3, Chemical Composition thiab Classification
Cov tshuaj thiab ntxhia muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm basalt yog complex, thiab nws muaj peev xwm muab faib ua high alumina basalt, alkaline basalt, thiab tholeiite raws li nws cov tshuaj thiab ntxhia muaj pes tsawg leeg.
Raws li alkalinity, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua alkaline basalt, hloov pauv basalt, tholeiite, calcium alkaline basalt, thiab potassium basalt.
4, Geology thiab Distribution
Basalt yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm lub ntiaj teb dej hiav txwv crust thiab lunar mare, nrog rau cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm lub ntiaj teb continental crust thiab lunar av.
Nws yog dav faib thoob ntiaj teb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam uas nquag volcanic kev ua si.
5, Kev siv thiab tus nqi
Basalt yog lub pob zeb zoo siv hauv kev tsim kho tsheb thauj mus los, muaj lub zog siab compressive, tsis tshua muaj nqi crushing, hnav tsis kam, tsis muaj dej nqus, tsis muaj zog conductivity, muaj zog corrosion kuj, thiab muaj zog adhesion rau asphalt.
Nws muaj ntau yam kev siv hauv kev tsim kho kev loj, kev tsheb ciav hlau, chaw nres nkoj, tshav dav hlau, txoj kev khiav, thiab lwm yam dej num, thiab yog ib lub hauv paus zoo tshaj plaws rau kev txhim kho kev tsheb ciav hlau thiab kev thauj mus los.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, basalt yog ib hom pob zeb uas muaj lub cev tshwj xeeb thiab ntau yam kev siv. Nws tuav qhov tseem ceeb hauv cov haujlwm xws li geology, architecture, thiab cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb.
